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General References Used Throughout this Website:

• J. Carter Harris, The Clock and Watch Makers American Advertiser, Sussex, UK, Antiquarian Horological Society, 2003

• Philip Priestley, British Watchcase Gold & Silver Marks 1670 to 1970, National Association of Watch & Clock Collectors, 2018

• Spittlers and Bailey, Clockmakers and Watchmakers of America by Name and by Place, Columbia, PA., National Association of Watch and Clock Collectors, 2011

Additional References and Recommended Reading:

• David Cooper, John Cairns (1751-1809) and Other Early American Watchmakers, NAWCC Watch & Clock Bulletin, No. 336 (February, 2002), pp. 26-38

• Theodore Crom, Horological Shop Tools 1700 to 1900, Gainesville, Florida, Storter Printing, 1980

• Dervan, Andrew, Sam'l Bemis Watch Book, 1785 - 1798, British Horology Times, 2019, www.britishhorology.org

• Dervan, Andrew, Richard Cranch, Self Taught Intellectual & Colonial Watch Repairer, British Horology Times, 2024, www.britishhorology.org 

• Michael Edidin, A History of Watchmaking by the Tobias Family of London and Liverpool, NAWCC Watch & Clock Bulletin, October & December, 1992

• James Gibbs, Who Was America's First Watchmaker, NAWCC Watch & Clock Bulletin, No. 185 (December, 1976), pp. 556-565

• R.J. Griffiths, The Early Watchmakers of Toxteth Park Near Liverpool, Antiquarian Horology, Vol. 27 (2002), pp. 163-178

• J. R. Harris, Liverpool and Merseyside, Frank Cass & Co. LTD, 1969

• Michael Harrold, Why Boston During the 1850's? - From Willard Clocks to Industrial Watches, Boston: Cradle of American Watchmaking, NAWCC Special Supplement No.5, NAWCC, Columbia, PA, 2002, pp. 30-35

• Frank Hohmann III, Timeless, Masterpiece American Brass Dial Clocks, Hohmann Holdings LLC, New York, 2009

• Catherine Hollan, Philadelphia Silversmiths and Related Artisans to 1861, Hollan Press, Missouri, 2013

• Catherine Hollan, Virginia Silversmiths, Jewelers, Clock- and Watchmakers, 1607-1860, Their Lives and Marks, Hollan Press, Missouri, 2010

• Penrose Hoopes, Shop Records of Daniel Burnap Clockmaker, Connecticut Historical Society, 1958

• Dr. Robert Kemp, Watch Movement Making in Prescot, Antiquarian Horology, Vol. 13 (1981), pp. 77-81

• Dr. Robert Kemp, The Fusee Lever Watch, John Sherratt and Son Ltd., 1981

• Richard Newman, Colonial and Early American Watchmakers, NAWCC Watch & Clock Bulletin, No. 389 (December, 2010), pp. 692-706

• Richard Newman, The Anglo-American Watch Trade, CLOCKS Magazine, February 2011, Edinburgh, UK

• Richard Newman, New York Colonial Watchmaker John Wright and the Discovery of America's Oldest Watch, NAWCC Watch & Clock Bulletin, No. 408 (March/April, 2014), pp. 115-126

• Richard Newman, Allen Richardson, Richard Watkins, Samuel G. Jones of Baltimore, Edward Massey, and the Market for English Watches Abroad, NAWCC Watch & Clock Bulletin, No. 428 (July/August, 2017), pp. 326-332

• Richard Newman, Robert Leslie, The Greatest American Watch and Clock Maker Every Forgotten, NAWCC Watch & Clock Bulletin, No. 431 (January/February 2018), pp. 69-88, and No. 432 (March/April 2018), pp. 149-163

• Richard Newman, An 18th-Century Plantation Owner’s Watch (Joshua Lockwood), NAWCC Watch & Clock Bulletin, No. 439 (May/June 2019), pp. 211-216

• Richard Newman, An Early Going Barrel Watch, NAWCC Watch & Clock Bulletin, No. 441 (September/October 2019), pp. 395-400

• Russ Oechsle, North American Watches Repaired by Jedediah Baldwin 1793-1804, NAWCC Watch & Clock Bulletin, No. 245 (December 1986), pp. 488-489 and No. 261 (August 1989), pp. 346-347

• Abraham Reese, Rees’s Clocks Watches and Chronometers (1819-20), Rutland, VT, Charles E. Tuttle Company, 1970, p. 281

• Alan Smith, An Early 18th Century Watchmaker’s Notebook, Richard Wright of Cronton and the Lancashire-London Connection, Antiquarian Horology Vol. 15/6, 1985, pp. 605-625; this article discusses a rare surviving day book for an early 18th century English supplier of watches and rough movements

• The Adverts 250 Project: The Adverts 250 Project (last accessed 2/2019)

• A. A. Treherne, The Contribution of South-West Lancashire to Horology, Antiquarian Horology, Vol. 31 (2011), pp. 457-476

• Frank Tyrer, Richard Blundell in Virginia and Maryland, The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. 68 (October, 1960), pp 429-447; this article analyzes a rare collection of letters that describes the importation of a wide range of English goods to America (including a single watch) by a Liverpool merchant

• William Erik Voss, Silversmiths & Related Craftsmen~silversmiths/makers/silversmiths

• Leonard Weiss, Watch-Making In England 1760-1820, London, Robert Hale, 1982

• John Wyke, A Catalogue of Tools for Watch and Clock Makers by John Wyke, Winterthur Museum Library publication in 1978; this is a reprint of an 18th century catalog with modern commentary

Recommended Publications on American Watch Papers:

• Charles Aked, Watch Papers, NAWCC Watch & Clock Bulletin, April 1999. PP 225-226

• Connecticut Historical Society Bulletin, Connecticut Watch Papers, Vol 21, No. 3, July 1956. PP 79-87

• Douglas Caulkins, Collecting Watchpapers, Clocks Magazine, September, 2001, UK

• Theodore Crom, The First Watch Papers, NAWCC Watch & Clock Bulletin, October, 1998

• Robert Emlen, A Close Look at the Trade Card of Christopher Townsend, Jr., Rhode Island History, Rhode Island Historical Society 40, no. 1, (February 1981), pp. 616-617

• Robert Emlen, Christopher Townsend Jr.'s Watch Paper, NAWCC Watch & Clock Bulletin, No. 221 (December, 1982), pp. 26-38

• Donald Fennimore and Frank Hohmann III, Claggett, Newport's Illustrious Clockmakers, Hohmann Holdings LLC, 2018, pp. 114-116

• Harrold Gillingham, Watch Papers, The Magazine Antiques, Vol. XXVIII, No. 2, August, 1935. PP 66-67

• Robert Green, American Watch Papers, The Magazine Silver, Vol. X, No. 1, January-February, 1977. PP 6-8

• Robert Green, New England Watch Papers, The Magazine Silver, Vol. XIII, No. 6, November-December, 1980. PP 12-14

• Amelia MacSwiggan Rawding, Watch Papers, Rare Today, Spinning Wheel, A National Magazine About Antiques, Vol. XIV, No. 11, November 1958. PP 24, 27

• Hudson Moore, The Old Clock Book, Tudor Publishing, 1911. PP 34-36

• Richard Newman, Washington Commemorative Perpetual Calendar Watch Paper, Maine Antique Digest, Aug, 2012

• Richard Newman, Watch Papers Hidden Treasures, NAWCC Watch & Clock Bulletin, Sept/Oct, 2013. Updated for Clocks Magazine, July, 2021

• Dorothea E. Spear, American Watch Papers With a Descriptive List of the Collection in the American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Mass, 1952

Acknowledgments: Special thanks to a number of NAWCC colleagues who have provided information and photographs of their timepieces for this website and desire to remain anonymous.

© 2013 - 2024 by Richard Newman, All rights reserved worldwide. May not be copied or distributed without prior written permission. Please contact me if you desire to link to this site or would like to use any of the material.